matrix-docker-ansible-deploy/docs/prerequisites.md

# Prerequisites

<sup>Prerequisites > [Configuring your DNS settings](configuring-dns.md) > [Getting the playbook](getting-the-playbook.md) > [Configuring the playbook](configuring-playbook.md) > [Installing](installing.md)</sup>

To install Matrix services using this Ansible playbook, you need to prepare several requirements both on your local computer (where you will run the playbook to configure the server) and the server (where the playbook will install the Matrix services for you). **These requirements need to be set up manually** before proceeding to the next step.

We will be using `example.com` as the domain in the following instruction. Please remember to replace it with your own domain before running any commands.

**Note**: if you do not have an existing Matrix server and want to start quickly with "opinionated defaults", we suggest you to follow ⚡ **[Quick start](quick-start.md)** installation guide.

## Your local computer

- [Ansible](http://ansible.com/) program. It's used to run this playbook and configures your server for you. Take a look at [our guide about Ansible](ansible.md) for more information, as well as [version requirements](ansible.md#supported-ansible-versions) and alternative ways to run Ansible.

- [passlib](https://passlib.readthedocs.io/en/stable/index.html) Python library. See [this official documentation](https://passlib.readthedocs.io/en/stable/install.html#installation-instructions) for an instruction to install it. On most distros, you need to install some `python-passlib` or `py3-passlib` package, etc.

- [`git`](https://git-scm.com/) as the recommended way to download the playbook. `git` may also be required on the server if you will be [self-building](self-building.md) components.

- [`just`](https://github.com/casey/just) for running `just roles`, `just update`, etc. (see [`justfile`](../justfile)), although you can also run these commands manually. Take at look at this documentation for more information: [Running `just` commands](just.md).

- Strong password (random strings) generator. The playbook often requires you to create a strong password and use it for settings on `vars.yml`, components, etc. As any tools should be fine, this playbook has adopted [`pwgen`](https://linux.die.net/man/1/pwgen) (running `pwgen -s 64 1`). [Password Tech](https://pwgen-win.sourceforge.io/), formerly known as "PWGen for Windows", is available as free and open source password generator for Windows. Generally, using a random generator available on the internet is not recommended.

## Server

- (Recommended) An **x86** server ([What kind of server specs do I need?](faq.md#what-kind-of-server-specs-do-i-need)) running one of these operating systems that make use of [systemd](https://systemd.io/):
  - **Archlinux**
  - **CentOS**, **Rocky Linux**, **AlmaLinux**, or possibly other RHEL alternatives (although your mileage may vary)
  - **Debian** (10/Buster or newer)
  - **Ubuntu** (18.04 or newer, although [20.04 may be problematic](ansible.md#supported-ansible-versions) if you run the Ansible playbook on it)

  Generally, newer is better. We only strive to support released stable versions of distributions, not betas or pre-releases. This playbook can take over your whole server or co-exist with other services that you have there.

  This playbook somewhat supports running on non-`amd64` architectures like ARM. See [Alternative Architectures](alternative-architectures.md).

  If your distro runs within an [LXC container](https://linuxcontainers.org/), you may hit [this issue](https://github.com/spantaleev/matrix-docker-ansible-deploy/issues/703). It can be worked around, if absolutely necessary, but we suggest that you avoid running from within an LXC container.

- `root` access to your server (or a user capable of elevating to `root` via `sudo`).

- [Python](https://www.python.org/). Most distributions install Python by default, but some don't (e.g. Ubuntu 18.04) and require manual installation (something like `apt-get install python3`). On some distros, Ansible may incorrectly [detect the Python version](https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/reference_appendices/interpreter_discovery.html) (2 vs 3) and you may need to explicitly specify the interpreter path in `inventory/hosts` during installation (e.g. `ansible_python_interpreter=/usr/bin/python3`)

- [sudo](https://www.sudo.ws/), even when you've configured Ansible to log in as `root`. Some distributions, like a minimal Debian net install, do not include the `sudo` package by default.

- An HTTPS-capable web server at the base domain name (`example.com`) which is capable of serving static files. Unless you decide to [Serve the base domain from the Matrix server](configuring-playbook-base-domain-serving.md) or alternatively, to use DNS SRV records for [Server Delegation](howto-server-delegation.md).

- Properly configured DNS records for `example.com` (details in [Configuring DNS](configuring-dns.md)).

- Some TCP/UDP ports open. This playbook (actually [Docker itself](https://docs.docker.com/network/iptables/)) configures the server's internal firewall for you. In most cases, you don't need to do anything special. But **if your server is running behind another firewall**, you'd need to open these ports:

  - `80/tcp`: HTTP webserver
  - `443/tcp` and `443/udp`: HTTPS webserver
  - `3478/tcp`: TURN over TCP (used by Coturn)
  - `3478/udp`: TURN over UDP (used by Coturn)
  - `5349/tcp`: TURN over TCP (used by Coturn)
  - `5349/udp`: TURN over UDP (used by Coturn)
  - `8448/tcp` and `8448/udp`: Matrix Federation API HTTPS webserver. In some cases, this **may necessary even with federation disabled**. Integration Servers (like Dimension) and Identity Servers (like ma1sd) may need to access `openid` APIs on the federation port.
  - the range `49152-49172/udp`: TURN over UDP
  - potentially some other ports, depending on the additional (non-default) services that you enable in the **configuring the playbook** step (later on). Consult each service's documentation page in `docs/` for that.

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[▶️](configuring-dns.md) When ready to proceed, continue with [Configuring DNS](configuring-dns.md).