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+# Basic rewrap command
+ffmpeg -i input_file.ext -c copy -map 0 output_file.ext
+# Convert Matroska (MKV) to MP4
+ffmpeg -i input_file.mkv -c:v copy -c:a aac output_file.mp4
+# Rewrap DV video to .dv file
+ffmpeg -i input_file -f rawvideo -c:v copy output_file.dv
+# Transcode to deinterlaced Apple ProRes LT
+ffmpeg -i input_file -c:v prores -profile:v 1 -vf yadif -c:a pcm_s16le output_file.mov
+# Transcode to an H.264 access file
+ffmpeg -i input_file -c:v libx264 -pix_fmt yuv420p -c:a aac output_file
+# Transcode from DCP to an H.264 access file
+ffmpeg -i input_video_file.mxf -i input_audio_file.mxf -c:v libx264 -pix_fmt yuv420p -c:a aac output_file.mp4
+# Transcode your file with the FFV1 Version 3 Codec in a Matroska container
+ffmpeg -i input_file -map 0 -dn -c:v ffv1 -level 3 -g 1 -slicecrc 1 -slices 16 -c:a copy output_file.mkv -f framemd5 -an framemd5_output_file
+# Convert DVD to H.264
+ffmpeg -i concat:input_file_1\|input_file_2\|input_file_3 -c:v libx264 -c:a aac output_file.mp4
+# Transcode to an H.265/HEVC MP4
+ffmpeg -i input_file -c:v libx265 -pix_fmt yuv420p -c:a copy output_file
+# Transcode to an Ogg Theora
+ffmpeg -i input_file -acodec libvorbis -b:v 690k output_file
+# Convert WAV to MP3
+ffmpeg -i input_file.wav -write_id3v1 1 -id3v2_version 3 -dither_method rectangular -out_sample_rate 48k -qscale:a 1 output_file.mp3
+# Generate two access MP3s (with and without copyright).
+ffmpeg -i input_file -i input_file_to_append -filter_complex "[0:a:0]asplit=2[a][b];[b]afifo[bb];[1:a:0][bb]concat=n=2:v=0:a=1[concatout]" -map "[a]" -codec:a libmp3lame -dither_method modified_e_weighted -qscale:a 2 output_file.mp3 -map "[concatout]" -codec:a libmp3lame -dither_method modified_e_weighted -qscale:a 2 output_file_appended.mp3
+# Convert WAV to AAC/MP4
+ffmpeg -i input_file.wav -c:a aac -b:a 128k -dither_method rectangular -ar 44100 output_file.mp4
+# Transform 4:3 aspect ratio into 16:9 with pillarbox
+ffmpeg -i input_file -filter:v "pad=ih*16/9:ih:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2" -c:a copy output_file
+# Transform 16:9 aspect ratio video into 4:3 with letterbox
+ffmpeg -i input_file -filter:v "pad=iw:iw*3/4:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2" -c:a copy output_file
+# Flip video image
+ffmpeg -i input_file -filter:v "hflip,vflip" -c:a copy output_file
+# Transform SD to HD with pillarbox
+ffmpeg -i input_file -filter:v "colormatrix=bt601:bt709, scale=1440:1080:flags=lanczos, pad=1920:1080:240:0" -c:a copy output_file
+# Change display aspect ratio without re-encoding
+ffmpeg -i input_file -c:v copy -aspect 4:3 output_file
+# Convert colorspace of video
+ffmpeg -i input_file -c:v libx264 -vf colormatrix=src:dst output_file
+# Modify image and sound speed
+ffmpeg -i input_file -r output_fps -filter_complex "[0:v]setpts=input_fps/output_fps*PTS[v]; [0:a]atempo=output_fps/input_fps[a]" -map "[v]" -map "[a]" output_file
+# Synchronize video and audio streams
+ffmpeg -i input_file -itsoffset 0.125 -i input_file -map 1:v -map 0:a -c copy output_file
+# Clarify stream properties
+ffprobe input_file -show_streams
+# Crop video
+ffmpeg -i input_file -vf "crop=width:height" output_file
+# Change video color to black and white
+ffmpeg -i input_file -filter_complex hue=s=0 -c:a copy output_file
+# Extract audio without loss from an AV file
+ffmpeg -i input_file -c:a copy -vn output_file
+# Combine audio tracks
+ffmpeg -i input_file -filter_complex "[0:a:0][0:a:1]amerge[out]" -map 0:v -map "[out]" -c:v copy -shortest output_file
+# Inverses the audio phase of the second channel
+ffmpeg -i input_file -af pan="stereo|c0=c0|c1=-1*c1" output_file
+# Calculate Loudness Levels
+ffmpeg -i input_file -af loudnorm=print_format=json -f null -
+# RIAA Equalization
+ffmpeg -i input_file -af aemphasis=type=riaa output_file
+# Reverse CD Pre-Emphasis
+ffmpeg -i input_file -af aemphasis=type=cd output_file
+# One Pass Loudness Normalization
+ffmpeg -i input_file -af loudnorm=dual_mono=true -ar 48k output_file
+# Two Pass Loudness Normalization
+ffmpeg -i input_file -af loudnorm=dual_mono=true:measured_I=input_i:measured_TP=input_tp:measured_LRA=input_lra:measured_thresh=input_thresh:offset=target_offset:linear=true -ar 48k output_file
+# Fix A/V sync issues by resampling audio
+ffmpeg -i input_file -c:v copy -c:a pcm_s16le -af "aresample=async=1000" output_file
+# Join (concatenate) two or more files of the same type
+ffmpeg -f concat -i mylist.txt -c copy output_file
+# Join (concatenate) two or more files of different types
+ffmpeg -i input_1.avi -i input_2.mp4 -filter_complex "[0:v:0][0:a:0][1:v:0][1:a:0]concat=n=2:v=1:a=1[video_out][audio_out]" -map "[video_out]" -map "[audio_out]" output_file
+# Split one file into several smaller segments
+ffmpeg -i input_file -c copy -map 0 -f segment -segment_time 60 -reset_timestamps 1 output_file-%03d.mkv
+# Trim file
+ffmpeg -i input_file -ss 00:02:00 -to 00:55:00 -c copy -map 0 output_file
+# Create an excerpt, starting from the beginning of the file
+ffmpeg -i input_file -t 5 -c copy -map 0 output_file
+# Create a new file with the first five seconds trimmed off the original
+ffmpeg -i input_file -ss 5 -c copy -map 0 output_file
+# Create a new file with the final five seconds of the original
+ffmpeg -sseof -5 -i input_file -c copy -map 0 output_file
+# Trim silence from beginning of an audio file
+ffmpeg -i input_file -af silenceremove=start_threshold=-57dB:start_duration=1:start_periods=1  -c:a your_codec_choice -ar your_sample_rate_choice output_file
+# Trim silence from the end of an audio file
+ffmpeg -i input_file -af areverse,silenceremove=start_threshold=-57dB:start_duration=1:start_periods=1,areverse -c:a your_codec_choice -ar your_sample_rate_choice output_file
+# Upscaled, pillar-boxed HD H.264 access files from SD NTSC source
+ffmpeg -i input_file -c:v libx264 -filter:v "yadif, scale=1440:1080:flags=lanczos, pad=1920:1080:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2, format=yuv420p" output_file
+# Deinterlace video
+ffmpeg -i input_file -c:v libx264 -vf "yadif,format=yuv420p" output_file
+# Inverse telecine
+ffmpeg -i input_file -c:v libx264 -vf "fieldmatch,yadif,decimate" output_file
+# Set field order for interlaced video
+ffmpeg -i input_file -c:v video_codec -filter:v setfield=tff output_file
+# Identify interlacement patterns in a video file
+ffmpeg -i input file -filter:v idet -f null -
+# Create opaque centered text watermark
+ffmpeg -i input_file -vf drawtext="fontfile=font_path:fontsize=font_size:text=watermark_text:fontcolor=font_color:alpha=0.4:x=(w-text_w)/2:y=(h-text_h)/2" output_file
+# Overlay image watermark on video
+ffmpeg -i input_video file -i input_image_file -filter_complex overlay=main_w-overlay_w-5:5 output_file
+# Burn in timecode
+ffmpeg -i input_file -vf drawtext="fontfile=font_path:fontsize=font_size:timecode=starting_timecode:fontcolor=font_colour:box=1:boxcolor=box_colour:rate=timecode_rate:x=(w-text_w)/2:y=h/1.2" output_file
+Embed subtitles
+ffmpeg -i input_file -i subtitles_file -c copy -c:s mov_text output_file
+# Export one thumbnail per video file
+ffmpeg -i input_file -ss 00:00:20 -vframes 1 thumb.png
+# Export many thumbnails per video file
+ffmpeg -i input_file -vf fps=1/60 out%d.png
+# Create GIF from still images
+ffmpeg -f image2 -framerate 9 -pattern_type glob -i "input_image_*.jpg" -vf scale=250x250 output_file.gif
+# Create GIF from a video
+ffmpeg -ss HH:MM:SS -i input_file -filter_complex "fps=10,scale=500:-1:flags=lanczos,palettegen" -t 3 palette.png
+ffmpeg -ss HH:MM:SS -i input_file -i palette.png -filter_complex "[0:v]fps=10, scale=500:-1:flags=lanczos[v], [v][1:v]paletteuse" -t 3 -loop 6 output_file
+# Transcode an image sequence into uncompressed 10-bit video
+ffmpeg -f image2 -framerate 24 -i input_file_%06d.ext -c:v v210 output_file
+# Create video from image and audio
+ffmpeg -r 1 -loop 1 -i image_file -i audio_file -acodec copy -shortest -vf scale=1280:720 output_file
+# Audio Bitscope
+ffplay -f lavfi "amovie=input_file, asplit=2[out1][a], [a]abitscope=colors=purple|yellow[out0]"
+# Play a graphical output showing decibel levels of an input file
+ffplay -f lavfi "amovie='input.mp3', astats=metadata=1:reset=1, adrawgraph=lavfi.astats.Overall.Peak_level:max=0:min=-30.0:size=700x256:bg=Black[out]"
+# Identify pixels out of broadcast range
+ffplay -f lavfi "movie='input.mp4', signalstats=out=brng:color=cyan[out]"
+# Vectorscope from video to screen
+ffplay input_file -vf "split=2[m][v], [v]vectorscope=b=0.7:m=color3:g=green[v], [m][v]overlay=x=W-w:y=H-h"
+# Side by Side Videos/Temporal Difference Filter
+ffmpeg -i input01 -i input02 -filter_complex "[0:v:0]tblend=all_mode=difference128[a];[1:v:0]tblend=all_mode=difference128[b];[a][b]hstack[out]" -map [out] -f nut -c:v rawvideo - | ffplay -
+# Use xstack to arrange output layout of multiple video sources
+ffplay -f lavfi -i testsrc -vf "split=3[a][b][c],[a][b][c]xstack=inputs=3:layout=0_0|0_h0|0_h0+h1[out]"
+# Pull specs from video file
+ffprobe -i input_file -show_format -show_streams -show_data -print_format xml
+# Strip metadata
+ffmpeg -i input_file -map_metadata -1 -c:v copy -c:a copy output_file
+# Batch processing (Mac/Linux)
+for file in *.mxf; do ffmpeg -i "$file" -map 0 -c copy "${file%.mxf}.mov"; done
+# Check decoder errors
+ffmpeg -i input_file -f null -
+# Check FFV1 fixity
+ffmpeg -report -i input_file -f null -
+# Create MD5 checksums (video frames)
+ffmpeg -i input_file -f framemd5 -an output_file
+# Create MD5 checksums (audio samples)
+ffmpeg -i input_file -af "asetnsamples=n=48000" -f framemd5 -vn output_file
+# Create MD5 checksum(s) for A/V stream data only
+ffmpeg -i input_file -map 0:v:0 -c:v copy -f md5 output_file_1 -map 0:a:0 -c:a copy -f md5 output_file_2
+# Get checksum for video/audio stream
+ffmpeg -loglevel error -i input_file -map 0:v:0 -f hash -hash md5 -
+# QCTools report (with audio)
+ffprobe -f lavfi -i "movie=input_file:s=v+a[in0][in1], [in0]signalstats=stat=tout+vrep+brng, cropdetect=reset=1:round=1, idet=half_life=1, split[a][b];[a]field=top[a1];[b]field=bottom, split[b1][b2];[a1][b1]psnr[c1];[c1][b2]ssim[out0];[in1]ebur128=metadata=1, astats=metadata=1:reset=1:length=0.4[out1]" -show_frames -show_versions -of xml=x=1:q=1 -noprivate | gzip > input_file.qctools.xml.gz
+# QCTools report (no audio)
+ffprobe -f lavfi -i "movie=input_file,signalstats=stat=tout+vrep+brng, cropdetect=reset=1:round=1, idet=half_life=1, split[a][b];[a]field=top[a1];[b]field=bottom,split[b1][b2];[a1][b1]psnr[c1];[c1][b2]ssim" -show_frames -show_versions -of xml=x=1:q=1 -noprivate | gzip > input_file.qctools.xml.gz
+# Read/Extract EIA-608 Closed Captioning
+ffprobe -f lavfi -i movie=input_file,readeia608 -show_entries frame=pkt_pts_time:frame_tags=lavfi.readeia608.0.line,lavfi.readeia608.0.cc,lavfi.readeia608.1.line,lavfi.readeia608.1.cc -of csv > input_file.csv
+# Make a mandelbrot test pattern video
+ffmpeg -f lavfi -i mandelbrot=size=1280x720:rate=25 -c:v libx264 -t 10 output_file
+# Make a SMPTE bars test pattern video
+ffmpeg -f lavfi -i smptebars=size=720x576:rate=25 -c:v prores -t 10 output_file
+# Make a test pattern video
+ffmpeg -f lavfi -i testsrc=size=720x576:rate=25 -c:v v210 -t 10 output_file
+# Play HD SMPTE bars
+ffplay -f lavfi -i smptehdbars=size=1920x1080
+# Play VGA SMPTE bars
+ffplay -f lavfi -i smptebars=size=640x480
+# Generate a sine wave test audio file
+ffmpeg -f lavfi -i "sine=frequency=1000:sample_rate=48000:duration=5" -c:a pcm_s16le output_file.wav
+# SMPTE bars + Sine wave audio
+ffmpeg -f lavfi -i "smptebars=size=720x576:rate=25" -f lavfi -i "sine=frequency=1000:sample_rate=48000" -c:a pcm_s16le -t 10 -c:v ffv1 output_file
+# Make a broken file
+ffmpeg -i input_file -bsf noise=1 -c copy output_file
+# Conway's Game of Life
+ffplay -f lavfi life=s=300x200:mold=10:r=60:ratio=0.1:death_color=#C83232:life_color=#00ff00,scale=1200:800
+# Play video with OCR
+ffplay input_file -vf "ocr,drawtext=fontfile=/Library/Fonts/Andale Mono.ttf:text=%{metadata\\\:lavfi.ocr.text}:fontcolor=white"
+# Export OCR from video to screen
+ffprobe -show_entries frame_tags=lavfi.ocr.text -f lavfi -i "movie=input_file,ocr"
+# Compare Video Fingerprints
+ffmpeg -i input_one -i input_two -filter_complex signature=detectmode=full:nb_inputs=2 -f null -
+# Generate Video Fingerprint
+ffmpeg -i input -vf signature=format=xml:filename="output.xml" -an -f null -
+# Play an image sequence
+ffplay -framerate 5 input_file_%06d.ext
+# Split audio and video tracks
+ffmpeg -i input_file -map 0:v:0 video_output_file -map 0:a:0 audio_output_file
+# Merge audio and video tracks
+ffmpeg -i video_file -i audio_file -map 0:v -map 1:a -c copy output_file
+# Create ISO files for DVD access
+ffmpeg -i input_file -aspect 4:3 -target ntsc-dvd output_file.mpg
+# CSV with timecodes and YDIF
+ffprobe -f lavfi -i movie=input_file,signalstats -show_entries frame=pkt_pts_time:frame_tags=lavfi.signalstats.YDIF -of csv
+# Cover head switching noise
+ffmpeg -i input_file -filter:v drawbox=w=iw:h=7:y=ih-h:t=max output_file
+# Record and live-stream simultaneously
+ffmpeg -re -i ${INPUTFILE} -map 0 -flags +global_header -vf scale="1280:-1,format=yuv420p" -pix_fmt yuv420p -level 3.1 -vsync passthrough -crf 26 -g 50 -bufsize 3500k -maxrate 1800k -c:v libx264 -c:a aac -b:a 128000 -r:a 44100 -ac 2 -t ${STREAMDURATION} -f tee "[movflags=+faststart]${TARGETFILE}|[f=flv]${STREAMTARGET}"
+# View FFmpeg subprogram information
+ffmpeg -h type=name
+# Rip a CD with CD Paranoia
+cdparanoia -L -B -O [Drive Offset] [Starting Track Number]-[Ending Track Number] output_file.wav
+# Rip a CD with Cdda2wav
+cdda2wav -L0 -t all -cuefile -paranoia paraopts=retries=200,readahead=600,minoverlap=sectors-per-request-1 -verbose-level all output.wav
+# Compare two images
+compare -metric ae image1.ext image2.ext null:
+# Create thumbnails of images
+mogrify -resize 80x80 -format jpg -quality 75 -path thumbs *.jpg
+# Creates grid of images from text file
+montage @list.txt -tile 6x12 -geometry +0+0 output_grid.jpg
+# Get file signature data
+convert -verbose input_file.ext | grep -i signature
+# Removes exif metadata
+mogrify -path ./stripped/ -strip *.jpg
+# Resizes image to specific pixel width
+convert input_file.ext -resize 750 output_file.ext
+# Transcoding to/from FLAC
+flac --best --keep-foreign-metadata --preserve-modtime --verify input.wav
+flac --decode --keep-foreign-metadata --preserve-modtime --verify input.flac